Determinantes del Comercio Intra-industrial entre Colombia y sus principales socios comerciales
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Comercio intra-industrial, índice Grubel y Lloyd, ColombiaResumo
En el presente trabajo se analiza el comercio intra-industrial y sus determinantes para el comercio entre Colombia y sus principales socios comerciales, tanto a nivel de industria como a nivel de país en el periodo 2000-2011. Para medir el comercio intra-industrial se utilizo el índice de Grubel y Lloyd, mientras que para identificar sus determinantes, dada la naturaleza censurada del índice, se uso una regresión Tobit. Los resultados muestran, que esta clase de comercio representa valores sobre el 20% en promedio del comercio total colombiano a lo largo del periodo en estudio con países cercanos, destacándose Ecuador (44%), Chile (41%) y Perú (40%). Los resultados econométricos indican que las diferencias en dotaciones factoriales, el tamaño del mercado, la distancia, el lenguaje, la estructura del mercado y la orientación comercial del país socio tuvieron un impacto estadísticamente significativo en el comportamiento del IGL.
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