¿Cuánto se ganará y cuánto se perderá con esta política? La importancia de examinar la asimetría de resultados

Autores/as

  • Leonardo Abel Ivarola

Palabras clave:

política basada en la evidencia, investigación horizontal y vertical, asimetría de resultados, incertidumbre, formulación de políticas

Resumen

Cartwright y Hardie (2012) afirman que, para que una política funcione aquí, se deben realizar dos tipos de búsquedas: una relativa al principio causal o variable política (búsqueda vertical) y otra relativa a los factores que sustentan dicho principio (búsqueda horizontal). Sin embargo, los autores dejan de lado el hecho de que, durante la implementación, una política puede desviarse de su curso esperado. En el mejor de los casos, estas desviaciones hacen que la política termine fracasando. Pero en otras situaciones, tales desviaciones pueden tener efectos altamente dañinos. En el presente artículo se argumenta que, al menos en el ámbito socioeconómico, estas desviaciones pueden ser más comunes de lo que se piensa. Como consecuencia, se argumenta que el hacedor de políticas debería examinar el grado de asimetría de los resultados, es decir, cuánto se ganaría y cuánto se perdería si se implementara la política. Se mostrará que, en la medida en que esta asimetría sea más pronunciada, la búsqueda horizontal y vertical se vuelve menos relevante para la decisión de un hacedor de política.

Citas

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Publicado

2022-03-18

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Artículo científico