In Vitro Antagonism of Nine Isolated Fungi from the Colombian Caribbean against Phytophthora sp., Associated with Oil Palm
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14482/inde.39.2.579.546Keywords:
Antagonist, biocontrol, Elaeis guineensis Jacq, phytopathologyAbstract
Bud Rot Disease (BR), caused by Phytophthora palmivora, affects the yield and survival of oil palm crops in Colombia. With the objective of exploring biological control alternatives to the BR, we evaluated, under in vitro conditions, the antagonistic effect of nine filamentous strains fungi: Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus glaucus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium sp. 01, Penicillium sp. 02, Paecilomyces variotii y Trichoderma sp. against Phytophthora sp., isolated from an oil palm crop, in addition to a control trial. A randomized complete block design with four repetitions was established using the dual culture technique in petri dishes (Ø = 90 mm) with potato dextrose agar. We measured variables such as radial mycelial growth (RMG), mycelial growth rate (MGR), and inhibition percentage (IP), at 96 hours after treatment incubation. The statistical test revealed that Trichoderma sp. and A. niger were the superior trials (p?0,01), exerting 79 and 74 % of IP, respectively, against the oomycete. Furthermore, they restricted the RMG of the pathogen between 2 to 2,3 cm and limited its MGR up to 4 less times than the control trial. Three hierarchical conglomerates were formed according to the nine strains’ antagonistic performance confronted with Phytophthora sp. The outstanding isolates have potential as bioregulators of the pathogen.
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