Incidence of El Niño southern oscillation in the precipitation and the temperature of the air in Colombia, using Climate Explorer

Abstract

Abstract
The knowledge of the phenomenon El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) still is partial, the variations in the Colombian climate and the ENSO events make difficult its understanding and the prediction of its impacts. This research used the Climate Explorer, to establish linear relations between the precipitation and the average temperature of the air (annual and quarterly) with associated variables to ENSO, between 1975 and 2000. It is concluded that in the center, north and west of the country, El Niño (warm phase) brings rain diminution and increases the temperature, the opposite happens during La Niña. Greater significant correlations obtained with quarterly periods (mainly in DJF) and lags around zero; which decay in trimester MAM of the climatological variables; between the precipitation and index IMENSO greater coefficients in DJF were obtained (r=-0.44). Greater incidence of ENSO exists on the temperature of the country.