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Correlatos psicosociales y familiares de la conducta sexual en adolescentes indígenas y urbanos de Chiapas

Autores/as

  • Jesus Ocaña Zuñiga Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
  • Germán Alejandro García Lara Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
  • Soledad Hernández Solis Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
  • Oscar Cruz Pérez Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
  • Carlos Eduardo Pérez Jiménez Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Resumen

La adolescencia es una etapa de cambios a nivel fisiológico y emocional. Este tránsito hacia la adultez implica la exposición a riesgos que pueden tener consecuencias personales, familiares y escolares. Algunos de éstos se asocian con el inicio de la vida sexual activa, por ejemplo, embarazos no deseados o el contagio de enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre las conductas sexuales respecto a variables psicosociales y familiares en adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas de Chiapas, México. El estudio, de corte cuantitativo, se realizó con una muestra de 4,952 adolescentes estudiantes de nivel secundaria y bachillerato de Chiapas. Se aplicó un cuestionario para valorar conductas sexuales y seis escalas para medir ideación suicida, sintomatología depresiva, impulsividad, autoestima y relación con los padres. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas entre los puntajes promedios de las escalas aplicadas y la edad de iniciación sexual, el uso del preservativo, la frecuencia de los encuentros sexuales y el número de distintas parejas sexuales. Los resultados son relevantes en el contexto de estudio debido a que Chiapas es una demarcación multicultural y diversa étnicamente, en donde las investigaciones en torno a conductas sexuales con adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas son escasas.

Biografía del autor/a

Jesus Ocaña Zuñiga, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Doctor en Ciencias en Desarrollo Sustentable. Profesor investigador de Tiempo Completo de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas.

Germán Alejandro García Lara, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Doctor en Educación y  Psicólogo.  Profesor investigador de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Coordinado de la Maestría en Psicología en la misma institución.

Soledad Hernández Solis, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Doctora en Educación y Psicóloga. Profesora de asignatura en el programa de Licenciatura en Psicología de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas.

Oscar Cruz Pérez, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Doctor en Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas, Maestro en Psicologia y  Psicólogo.  Profesor investigador de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas.

Carlos Eduardo Pérez Jiménez, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

Maestro en Teoría Crítica y Psicólogo clínico. Profesor investigador de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas.

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J. (2018). Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Calisto MT&quot;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;" lang="ES-MX">Reproductive Health,</span></em><span style="font-family: &quot;Calisto MT&quot;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;" lang="ES-MX"> 15,15 págs. DOI 10.1186/s12978-018-0460-4</span></p>

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2020-07-21

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