Emancipation and Authenticity: The Place of the Human Being in the Philosophies of Heidegger and the Young Karl Marx
Keywords:
Heidegger, Marx, Feuerbach, Kant, philosophical anthropology, comunism, philosophyAbstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the philosophies of the late Heidegger and the young Marx side by side to show how, while differing radically in some important aspects, both philosophies are motivated by similar concerns and are not so different as to preclude a productive dialogue between them. In so far as both thinkers can be said to have thought, taking the word in a Heideggerian sense, the “same”, the way both philosophies diverge from each other can be especially illuminating when it comes to offering a clear interpretation of them (a task which is especially important to gain an understanding of Heidegger’s philosophy which is often obscure). We’ll see how Heidegger’s notion of finitude implies a series of criticisms of Marx’s philosophy. Finally, I’ll pose a question regarding the limits of Heidegger’s criticism of Marx,
considering that this criticism goes as far as to criticize the idea that all human beings are equal and so implies a rejection of the idea of human rights.
References
Axelos, K. (1969). Marx, pensador de la técnica (E. Molina, trad). Fontanella.
Falque, M. (2019). Blaise Pascal and the Anxiety of Faith. Louvain Studies, 42(2), 151-174. DOI: 10.2143/LS.42.2.3286593
Farr, A. (2021). Herbert Marcuse. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Recuperado de: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2021/entries/marcuse/
Heidegger, M. (1984). Die Frage nach dem Ding. Vittorio Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1994a). Bremer und Freiburger Vorträge. Vittorio Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (1994b). Die Armut. Heidegger Studies, 10, 5-11. DOI:
5840/heideggerstud1994101
Heidegger, M. (1996). Brief über den Humanismus. En Heidegger, M. Wegmarken. Vittorio Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (2000). Vorträge und Aufsätze. Vittorio Klostermann.
Heidegger, M. (2017). Ponderings XII–XV: Black Notebooks 1939–1941 (R. Rojcewicz, Trad.). Indiana University Press. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctt2005zjn
Lotz, C. (2013). Reification through Commodity Form or Technology? From Honneth back to Heidegger and Marx. Rethinking Marxism 25 (2): 184-200. DOI: 10.1080/08935696.2013.769353
Markus, G. (1974). Marxismo y Antropología (M. Sacristán, trad.). Grijalbo.
Marx, K. (1971). Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. (S. W. Ryazanskaya, trad.). Lawrence & Wishart.
Marx, K y Engels, F. (1971). La sagrada familia (C. Liacho, trad.). Editorial Claridad.
Marx, K. (1982a). Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Rechtsphilosophie. En Marx, K. y Engels, F. Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels Gesamtausgabe (MEGA), BAND 2, Karl Marx: Werke, Artikel, Entwürfe. März 1843 bis August 1844 (pp. 3-137). Dietz Verlag.
Marx, K. (1982b). Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Rechtsphilosophie. Einleitung. En Marx, K. y Engels, F. Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels Gesamtausgabe (MEGA), BAND 2, Karl Marx: Werke, Artikel, Entwürfe. März 1843 bis August 1844 (pp. 170-183). Dietz Verlag.
Marx, K. (1982c). Zur Judenfrage. En Marx, K. y Engels, F. Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels Gesamtausgabe (MEGA), BAND 2, Karl Marx: Werke, Artikel, Entwürfe. 141-169). Dietz Verlag.
Marx, K. (1982d). Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte. En Marx, K. y Engels, F. Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels Gesamtausgabe (MEGA), BAND 2, Karl Marx: Werke, Artikel, Entwürfe. März 1843 bis August 1844 (pp. 187-438). Dietz Verlag.
Mitchell, A. (2015). The Fourfold: Reading the Late Heidegger. Northwestern University Press. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv43vtf4
Nelson E. S. (2016). Heidegger’s Failure to Overcome Transcendental Philosophy. En Kim H., Hoeltzel S. (eds) Transcendental Inquiry. Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40715-9
Pagura, N. G. (2022). La recepción contemporánea del “Fragmento sobre las máquinas” de Marx: crítica y lineamientos para una reinterpretación. Tópicos, (63), 155–192. DOI: 10.21555/top.v63i0.1651
Porpora, D. V. (1982). Nonreductive Materialism and the Materialisms of Marx and Heidegger. Human Studies, 5: 13 -30. DOI: 10.1007/BF02127664
Romero Cuevas, J. M. (2019). El primer proyecto filosófico de Herbert Marcuse. Enrahonar. An International Journal of Theoretical and Practical Reason, 62, 59-78. DOI: 10.5565/rev/enrahonar.1228
Schmidt, A. (1975). Feuerbach o la sensualidad emancipada (J. Carabaña, trad). Taurus.
Thomson, I. (2005). Heidegger on Ontotheology: Technology and the Politics of Education. Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511499210
Vadén, T. (2014). Heidegger, Žižek and Revolution. Sense Publishers. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-6209-683-7
Wolin, R. (2005). Introduction: What is Heideggerian Marxism. en Wolin & Abromeit (eds.). Heideggerian Marxism. University of Nebraska Press.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Eidos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:1. The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term "Work" shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
2. Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
The Author shall grant to the Publisher a nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons 3.0 License Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported CC BY-NC 3.0, or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions: (a) Attribution: Other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;(b) Noncommercial: Other users (including Publisher) may not use this Work for commercial purposes;
4. The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
5. Authors are permitted, and Eidos promotes, to post online the preprint manuscript of the Work in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work is expected be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Eidos's assigned URL to the Article and its final published version in Eidos.