When the Stars Mark the Path of the Philosophers: Anaxagoras and the Meteorite of Aegospotami
Keywords:
Meteorite, Aegospotami, Religion, Anaxagoras, PhilosophyAbstract
The purpose of this article is to offer a reading on the possible repercussions that the fall of a meteorite was capable of causing in the inhabitants of Antiquity and the interpretations that were made around this event, with special emphasis on the research
carried out on the impact of one in particular: the meteorite of Aegospotami, which, according to the records known so far, collided with the earth in the year 467 before our era. At the same time, the sage Anaxagoras stands out, because of his curiosity and scientific and philosopher interest, offered explanations about the celestial bodies that differentiated him from the collective thought of his time, (the reason why he has been considered by his contemporaries as the one who predicted the meteorite impact), explanations that, sooner or later, ended up condemning him for impiety.
References
Antoniadi, E. (1939). On Ancient Meteorites, and on the Origin of the Crescent and Star Emblem. The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, XXXIII(5), 177-184. Recuperado de: https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1939JRASC..33..177A
Annus, A. (2010). On the Beginnings and Continuities of Omen sciences in the Ancient World. En A. Annus, Divination and Interpretation of Signs in the Ancient World, (pp. 1-18), Chicago: The University of Chicago.
Beech, M. (1993). The Makings of Meteor Astronomy: Part II. WGN, the Journal of the IMO, 21(1), 36-38. Recuperado de:
YES&whole_paper=YES&page=37&epage=37&send=Send+PDF&filetype=.pdf
Belmonte Avilés, J. (2012). Pirámides, templos y estrellas. Barcelona: Editorial Crítica.
Bonnechere, P. (2007). Divination. En D. Ogden (Ed.), A Companion to Greek Religion (pp. 56-70). Landen: Blackwell Publishing.
Borovicka, J., Macke, R., Campbell-Brown, M., Levasseur-Regourd, A., Rietmeijer, F., y Kohout, T. (2019). Physical and Chemical Properties of Meteoroids. En G. Ryabova, D. Asher, y M. Campbell-Brown (Eds.), Meteoroids. Sources of Meteors on Earth and Beyond (pp. 37-62), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Boutsikas, E. y Ruggles, C. (2011). Temples, Stars, and Ritual Landscapes: The Potential for Archaeoastronomy in Ancient Greece. American Journal of Archaeology, 115(1), 55-68. doi: 10.3764/aja.115.1.0055
Calogne, J. (2010). Platón, Apología de Sócrates. Madrid: Gredos.
Candel, M. (1996). Aristóteles, Meteorológicos. Madrid: Gredos.
Cano Cuenca, J., Hernández De La Fuente, D., y Ledesma, A. (2007). Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas. Madrid: Gredos.
Castañeda Reyes, J., C. (1997). En torno a los aportes del Egipto antiguo a la cultura occidental. En L. M. Delmonte (Ed.), Medio Oriente (pp. 91-107). México: El Colegio de México.
Clarke, L. (1962). Greek Astronomy and Its Debt to the Babylonians. The British Journal for the History of Science, 1(1), 65-77. Recuperado de: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4025075
Curd, P. (2007). Anaxagoras of Clazomenae. Canadá: University of Toronto Press.
Dillon, M. (2017). Omens and Oracles. Divination in Ancient Greece. Nueva York: Routledge.
D’Orazio, M. (2007). Meteorite records in the ancient Greek and Latin literature: between history and myth. En L. Piccardi Y W. B. Masse (Eds.), Myth and Geology (pp. 215-225). Londres: Geological Society.
Evans, J. (1998). The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Farrington, B. (1984). Ciencia y filosofía en la Antigüedad. Barcelona: Ariel.
Fontan, A., Moure Casas, A., y Otros. (1995). Plinio El Viejo, Historia Natural. Madrid: Gredos.
García-Cruz, C. (2021). Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni (1756-1827) y el origen de los meteoritos. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 115, 131-146. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8890983
García Gual, C. (2007). Diógenes Laercio, Vidas y Opiniones de los Filósofos Ilustres. Madrid: Alianza.
González Serrano, P. (2017). Divinidades y vírgenes de cara negra. Revista Digital de Iconografía Medieval, IX (17), 45-60. Recuperado de:
https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6058723
Graham, D., y Hintz, E. (2007). Anaxagoras and the Solar Eclipse of 478 BC. Apeiron, 40(4), 319-344. doi: 10.1515/APEIRON.2007.40.4.319
Graham, D. (2013). Anaxagoras Science and Speculation in the Golden Age. En J. McCoy (Ed.), Early Greek Philosophy (pp. 139-156). Wasington: Catholic University of America Press. doi: doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt3fgp4k.
Heisenberg, W. (1972). Physics and Beyond. Encounters and Conversations. Estados Unidos: Harper Torchbooks.
Hurwit, J. (2017). Helios Rising: The Sun, the Moon, and the Sea in the Sculptures of the Parthenon. American Journal of Archaeology, 121(4), 527–558. doi: doi.org/10.3764/aja.121.4.0527
Kahn, C. (1970). On Early Greek Astronomy. The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 70, 99-116. doi: doi.org/10.2307/629756
Kákosy, L. (1993). Plato and Egypt. The Egyptian Tradition. En G. Németh (Ed.), Gedenkschrift István Hahn (pp. 25-28). Budapest.
Kirk, C. S., Raven J. E., y Schofield, M. (1997). Los Filósofos Presocráticos (2° Ed.). Madrid: Gredos.
Kuhn, T. (1985). La revolución copernicana. La astronomía planetaria en el desarrollo del pensamiento occidental. Barcelona: Ariel.
Larson, J. (2007). A Land Full of Gods: Nature Deities in Greek Religion. En D. Ogden (Ed.), A Companion to Greek Religion (pp. 56-70). Landen: Blackwell Publishing.
Lisi, F. (1999). Platón, Leyes X. Madrid: Gredos.
Llorca Piqué, J. (2011). Meteoritos: Química e Historia. An. Quím., 107(2), 167-174. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3674556
Llorca Piqué, J. (2013). ¿Caídos del cielo? Meteoritos en la historia y en la historia de la ciencia. Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra, 21(3), 254-262. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4642790
Lull, J. (2016). Una aproximación a la astronomía del antiguo egipto desde diversas perspectivas. Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid, 389-418. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5332528
Mikalson, J. (2010). Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Masse, W. B., Wayland Barber, E., Piccardi, L., y Barber, P. T., (2007). Exploring the nature of myth and its role in science. En L. Piccardi Y W. B. Masse (Eds.), Myth and Geology (pp. 9-28). Londres: Geological Society.
Oman, C. (1895). The Story of the Byzantine Empire. Londres: T. Fisher Unwin.
Popova, O., Borovi?ka, J., y Campbell-Brown M. (2019). Modelling the Entry of Meteoroids. En G. Ryabova, D. Asher, y M. Campbell-Brown (Eds.), Meteoroids. Sources of Meteors on Earth and Beyond (pp. 9-36), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Babylonian Celestial Divination and Its Legacy. Leiden: Brill.
Ross, M. (2016). Eclipses and the Precipitation of Conflict: Deciphering the Signal to Attack. En K. Ulanowski (Ed.), The Religious Aspects of War in the Ancient Near East, Greece, and Rome (pp. 99-120). Leiden: Brill.
Sachs, A. (1974). Babylonian observational astronomy. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 276 (1257), 43-50. Recuperado de: https://www.jstor.org/stable/74273
Sánchez Muñoz, J. M. (2011). Historias de Matemáticas. Las Escuelas Jónica y Pitagórica. Pensamiento Matemático, 1, 1-23. Recuperado de:
https://revista.giepm.com/wp-content/uploads/revista_impresa/
numero_1/las_escuelas_jonica_y_pitagorica.pdf
Santibáñez Guerrero, D. G. (2016). Sobre el surgimiento de la ciencia en Grecia: transmisión y asimilación griega del saber técnico del mundo oriental. Historias Del Orbis Terrarum, 16, 91-106. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5730612
Sapere, A. (2016). Eclipses, razón y superstición en las vidas de Nicias y Dión de Plutarco. Estudios griegos e indoeuropeos, 26, 179-195. doi:
dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_CFCG.2016.v26.XXXX
Steele, J. M. (2011). Goal-year Periods and their Use in Predicting Planetary Phenomena. En G. Selz y K. Wagensonner (Eds.), The Empirical Dimension of Ancient Near Eastern Studies - Die empirische Dimension altorientalischer Forschungen (pp. 101-110). Berlín: Lit Verlag.
Theodossiou, E., Niarchos, P., y Manimanis, V. (2002). The Fall of a Meteorite at Aegos Potami in 467/6 BC. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 5(2), 135-140. Recuperado de: https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/4968/1/4968_Theodossiou_et_al...2002.pdf
Vallejo Campos, A. (1988). Platón, Teeteto. Madrid: Gredos.
Vega Granillo, R. (2013). De meteoros y meteoritos. Epistemus, 7 (14), 77-82. Recuperado de: https://epistemus.unison.mx/index.php/
epistemus/issue/view/Revista%20completa%20epistemus%2014/Rev14
Wright, M. (1995). Cosmology in Antiquity. Londres: Routledge.
Yeomans, D. (1991). Comets. A chronological History of Observation, Science, Myth, and Folklore. Nueva Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Eidos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:1. The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term "Work" shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
2. Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
The Author shall grant to the Publisher a nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons 3.0 License Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported CC BY-NC 3.0, or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions: (a) Attribution: Other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;(b) Noncommercial: Other users (including Publisher) may not use this Work for commercial purposes;
4. The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
5. Authors are permitted, and Eidos promotes, to post online the preprint manuscript of the Work in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work is expected be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Eidos's assigned URL to the Article and its final published version in Eidos.