Análisis de los índices de vegetación NDVI, GNDVI y NDRE para la caracterización del cultivo de café (Coffea arabica)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14482/inde.38.2.628Palabras clave:
Agricultura de precisión, Coffea arabica, Imágenes multiespectrales, Índices espectralesResumen
Los índices de vegetación se han usado en los últimos años con el fin de determinar el tipo de cobertura, para evaluar su variación temporal, o para determinar el estado de salud de cultivos a partir de estimaciones de características como vigor vegetal, contenido de clorofila, estado nutricional o estado hídrico. En diversos estudios se han propuesto una variedad de índices de vegetación que usan diferentes bandas en el espectro visible e infrarrojo cercano con el fin de obtener características de interés. En este estudio se evaluaron las diferencias estadísticas entre los índices de vegetación NDVI, GNDVI y NDRE, estimados a partir de imágenes aéreas tomadas a 30 m del dosel de un cultivo experimental de la especie vegetal Coffea arabica. El coeficiente de correlación de Spearman mostró que la correlación es mayor entre los índices NDVI y GNDVI en comparación a la correlación presentada entre cualquiera de ellos y el índice NDRE. Además de ello, se observó que de acuerdo con los valores del coeficiente de variación, y el análisis posterior de los histogramas, el índice NDRE presentó una mayor sensibilidad ante la variación de vigor vegetal, lo que sugeriría un mayor potencial a la hora de caracterizar el estado de desarrollo del cultivo de café, frente a los otros índices estudiados.
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