Funcionalidad familiar y tendencias adictivas a internet y a sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes universitarios
Keywords:
psicología, psicología clínicaAbstract
Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre variables familiares (funcionalidad familiar, satisfacción familiar y tipología familiar) y conductas adictivas (consumo de alcohol, sustancias psicoactivas ilícitas, adicción a internet), en estudiantes de pregrado de una universidad de Manizales. Método: estudio transversal analítico, en muestra representativa de 318 estudiantes. Se cuantifican variables demográficas, y familiares: funcionalidad familiar (APGAR familiar), satisfacción familiar (cuestionario de OLSON) y conductas adictivas consumo de alcohol (cuestionario AUDIT), consumo problemático de drogas (cuestionario DAST) y adicción a INTERNET (cuestionario de LIMA). Resultados: Predomina la familia nuclear 40,3%, la disfunción familiar leve, 38,7%, promedio de 71,27 (máximo 100) de satisfacción familiar, 80,3% consumen alcohol con 42,6% de consumo riesgoso, 21,5% consumen sustancias psicoactivas, 1,6% presentan consumo riesgoso, en promedio 39,85 (máximo 100) de adicción a INTERNET. Solo se encuentran relaciones significativas para consumo de drogas y alcohol con la convivencia con hermanos, para el caso de adicción a INTERNET con tipología familiar. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que, en esta etapa del ciclo vital de adolescencia final y adulto joven, en proceso de separación-individuación e independencia de las figuras parentales, inciden otros factores diferentes al familiar, como serían las redes sociales, grupos de amigos, micro cultura juvenil y componentes individuales.
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