Utopia and Dystopia: between Fiction and Reality since Schopenhauer’s Impact on Zola
Keywords:
Utopia – Dystopia – Schopenhauer – Zola – Fiction - PessimismAbstract
This reflective article, after situating, etymologically and historically, the concepts of utopia and dystopia, takes a brief look at Schopenhauer’s pessimistic doctrine, to then show how Émile Zola articulates and deploys it in a dystopia, in certain
excerpts from The Joy of Living. It is concluded, through several questions, how Zola fictionalizes, in the figure of his character, Pauline, a small island of happiness within a huge pessimistic, disturbing, and malevolent ocean: utopia and dystopia emerge intertwined in a fiction that, historically, and politicizing the issue, shows how the philosophical appears in fictional fiction when it has been placed there on purpose.
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